U.S. And E.U. Make A Deal: 15%Tarriffs On Most Goods
On July 27, 2025, the United States and European Union reached a trade agreement that imposes a 15% tariff on most EU goods entering the U.S. The agreement, finalized during a meeting at President Trump’s Turnberry golf resort in Scotland, effectively halves the previously threatened 30% tariff and helps avert a broader transatlantic trade conflict.
What to expect
Under the new framework, most goods originating from the EU will now be subject to a 15% ad valorem import tariff. While significantly lower than the earlier threat of 30%, this still represents a substantial shift in duties for importers who trade heavily with Europe. Exemptions apply to several high-priority product categories, including:
- Aircraft and aircraft parts
- Certain generic pharmaceuticals and chemicals
- Semiconductor manufacturing equipment
- Some agricultural and raw materials
Notably, the U.S. will maintain its separate 50% tariff on EU-origin steel and aluminum, although talks are reportedly ongoing about potentially transitioning to a quota-based regime. Importers in the metals sector should expect no immediate relief.
United States Customs and Border Protection is expected to issue additional implementation guidance in the coming days, and importers should consult the Harmonized Tariff Schedule (HTS) and any relevant ACE updates to confirm tariff treatment for their specific entries.
EU to Increase U.S. Imports and Investment
In exchange, the EU has agreed to increase purchases of U.S. energy and defense products. President Trump stated that the EU will invest over $600 billion into the U.S. economy over the next several years, with an additional $750 billion in planned energy purchases alone. These measures are expected to offset some of the trade imbalances that have long fueled U.S. frustration with European trade policy.
Uncertainties Remain
As with prior “framework” deals struck with Japan, Indonesia, and Vietnam, many specifics of the U.S.-EU agreement are still being negotiated, including non-tariff barriers affecting autos and agriculture. Also unresolved are duties on alcohol and spirits—items with heavy symbolic and economic importance on both sides of the Atlantic.
Some officials have warned that the President may increase tariffs unilaterally if the EU fails to meet its investment commitments. Meanwhile, a U.S. review of tariffs on commercial aircraft and certain high-tech products is still pending, with the possibility of future rate reductions if both parties agree.
If you have questions about how this policy could affect your importing activities or customs compliance, please contact our office for assistance. As new tariff regulations continue to evolve, navigating these changes requires experienced legal counsel. At Liang + Mooney, PLLC, our seasoned tariff lawyers can answer your questions and concerns with sophisticated legal solutions. If you seek strategic counsel and insight into how these changes could affect your operations, we invite you to contact us to schedule a consultation.